AmazonDataZoneProjectDeploymentPermissionsBoundary
Summary
Amazon DataZone creates IAM roles that it uses for deploying data analytics projects. The reference page says DataZone uses this policy when creating these roles to define the boundary of their permissions.
Permissions imported from the AWS Managed Policy Reference Guide; other sections reviewed against the listed AWS sources.
Identity
- ARN
arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AmazonDataZoneProjectDeploymentPermissionsBoundary- Default version
- v2
- Created
- Last edited
- Services
- athena, cloudformation, ec2, glue, iam, kms, lakeformation, logs, s3, ssm
Control-plane actions (431)
By access level: 239 List, 14 Permissions management, 128 Read, 8 Tagging, 42 Write.
| Service | Granted | Access levels and limits | Granted by |
|---|---|---|---|
| Athena | 49 of 86 | 13 List, 32 Read, 1 Tagging, 3 Write; 3 restricted, 3 conditional | athena:CreateWorkGroup, athena:DeleteWorkGroup, athena:Get*, athena:List*, athena:TagResource |
| CloudFormation | 12 of 104 | 1 List, 4 Read, 1 Tagging, 6 Write; 12 restricted, 0 conditional | cloudformation:CreateChangeSet, cloudformation:CreateStack, cloudformation:DeleteChangeSet, cloudformation:DeleteStack, cloudformation:DescribeChangeSet, cloudformation:DescribeStackEvents, cloudformation:DescribeStacks, cloudformation:ExecuteChangeSet, cloudformation:GetTemplate, cloudformation:GetTemplateSummary, cloudformation:TagResource, cloudformation:UpdateStack |
| EC2 | 287 of 834 | 222 List, 58 Read, 1 Tagging, 6 Write; 3 restricted, 3 conditional | ec2:AuthorizeSecurityGroupEgress, ec2:AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress, ec2:CreateSecurityGroup, ec2:CreateTags, ec2:CreateVpcEndpoint, ec2:DeleteSecurityGroup, ec2:Describe*, ec2:Get*, ec2:List*, ec2:RevokeSecurityGroupEgress |
| Glue | 4 of 306 | 2 Read, 2 Write; 0 restricted, 0 conditional | glue:CreateDatabase, glue:DeleteDatabase, glue:GetDatabase, glue:GetDatabases |
| IAM | 14 of 190 | 1 List, 6 Permissions management, 3 Read, 1 Tagging, 3 Write; 9 restricted, 6 conditional | iam:AttachRolePolicy, iam:CreatePolicy, iam:CreateRole, iam:DeletePolicy, iam:DeleteRole, iam:DeleteRolePolicy, iam:DetachRolePolicy, iam:GetPolicy, iam:GetRole, iam:GetRolePolicy, iam:ListPolicyVersions, iam:PassRole and 2 more |
| KMS | 10 of 58 | 1 Permissions management, 1 Read, 1 Tagging, 7 Write; 10 restricted, 10 conditional | kms:CreateKey, kms:Decrypt, kms:DescribeKey, kms:DisableKeyRotation, kms:EnableKeyRotation, kms:Encrypt, kms:GenerateDataKey, kms:PutKeyPolicy, kms:ScheduleKeyDeletion, kms:TagResource |
| Lake Formation | 7 of 68 | 1 List, 3 Permissions management, 1 Read, 2 Write; 0 restricted, 0 conditional | lakeformation:DeregisterResource, lakeformation:GetDataLakeSettings, lakeformation:GrantPermissions, lakeformation:ListPermissions, lakeformation:PutDataLakeSettings, lakeformation:RegisterResource, lakeformation:RevokePermissions |
| CloudWatch Logs | 6 of 133 | 1 List, 1 Tagging, 4 Write; 2 restricted, 2 conditional | logs:CreateLogGroup, logs:DeleteLogGroup, logs:DeleteRetentionPolicy, logs:DescribeLogGroups, logs:PutRetentionPolicy, logs:TagLogGroup |
| S3 | 37 of 155 | 4 Permissions management, 25 Read, 1 Tagging, 7 Write; 37 restricted, 36 conditional | s3:CreateBucket, s3:DeleteBucket, s3:DeleteBucketPolicy, s3:GetBucket*, s3:GetEncryptionConfiguration, s3:GetObject*, s3:PutBucketAcl, s3:PutBucketLogging, s3:PutBucketPolicy, s3:PutBucketPublicAccessBlock, s3:PutBucketTagging, s3:PutBucketVersioning and 2 more |
| Systems Manager | 5 of 164 | 2 Read, 1 Tagging, 2 Write; 5 restricted, 1 conditional | ssm:AddTagsToResource, ssm:DeleteParameter, ssm:GetParameter*, ssm:PutParameter |
Athena: 49 actions
- athena:CreateWorkGroup (Write)
- athena:DeleteWorkGroup (Write)
- athena:GetCalculationExecution (Read)
- athena:GetCalculationExecutionCode (Read)
- athena:GetCalculationExecutionStatus (Read)
- athena:GetCapacityAssignmentConfiguration (Read)
- athena:GetCapacityReservation (Read)
- athena:GetCatalogs (Read)
- athena:GetDataCatalog (Read)
- athena:GetDatabase (Read)
- athena:GetExecutionEngine (Read)
- athena:GetExecutionEngines (Read)
- athena:GetNamedQuery (Read)
- athena:GetNamespace (Read)
- athena:GetNamespaces (Read)
- athena:GetNotebookMetadata (Read)
- athena:GetPreparedStatement (Read)
- athena:GetQueryExecution (Read)
- athena:GetQueryExecutions (Read)
- athena:GetQueryResults (Read)
- athena:GetQueryResultsStream (Read)
- athena:GetQueryRuntimeStatistics (Read)
- athena:GetResourceDashboard (Read)
- athena:GetSession (Read)
- athena:GetSessionEndpoint (Write)
- athena:GetSessionStatus (Read)
- athena:GetSystemTableConfiguration (Read)
- athena:GetTable (Read)
- athena:GetTableMetadata (Read)
- athena:GetTables (Read)
- athena:GetWorkGroup (Read)
- athena:ListApplicationDPUSizes (List)
- athena:ListCalculationExecutions (List)
- athena:ListCapacityReservations (List)
- athena:ListDataCatalogs (List)
- athena:ListDatabases (List)
- athena:ListEngineVersions (Read)
- athena:ListExecutors (List)
- athena:ListNamedQueries (List)
- athena:ListNotebookMetadata (List)
- athena:ListNotebookSessions (List)
- athena:ListPreparedStatements (List)
- athena:ListQueryExecutions (Read)
- athena:ListSessions (List)
- athena:ListSystemTableStatuses (List)
- athena:ListTableMetadata (Read)
- athena:ListTagsForResource (Read)
- athena:ListWorkGroups (List)
- athena:TagResource (Tagging)
CloudFormation: 12 actions
- cloudformation:CreateChangeSet (Write)
- cloudformation:CreateStack (Write)
- cloudformation:DeleteChangeSet (Write)
- cloudformation:DeleteStack (Write)
- cloudformation:DescribeChangeSet (Read)
- cloudformation:DescribeStackEvents (Read)
- cloudformation:DescribeStacks (List)
- cloudformation:ExecuteChangeSet (Write)
- cloudformation:GetTemplate (Read)
- cloudformation:GetTemplateSummary (Read)
- cloudformation:TagResource (Tagging)
- cloudformation:UpdateStack (Write)
EC2: 287 actions
- ec2:AuthorizeSecurityGroupEgress (Write)
- ec2:AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress (Write)
- ec2:CreateSecurityGroup (Write)
- ec2:CreateTags (Tagging)
- ec2:CreateVpcEndpoint (Write)
- ec2:DeleteSecurityGroup (Write)
- ec2:DescribeAccountAttributes (List)
- ec2:DescribeAccountVpcEncryptionControl (List)
- ec2:DescribeAddressTransfers (List)
- ec2:DescribeAddresses (List)
- ec2:DescribeAddressesAttribute (List)
- ec2:DescribeAggregateIdFormat (List)
- ec2:DescribeApplicationStatus (List)
- ec2:DescribeApplicationStatusCheckAssociations (List)
- ec2:DescribeApplicationStatusChecks (List)
- ec2:DescribeAvailabilityZones (List)
- ec2:DescribeAwsNetworkPerformanceMetricSubscriptions (List)
- ec2:DescribeBundleTasks (List)
- ec2:DescribeByoipCidrs (List)
- ec2:DescribeCapacityBlockExtensionHistory (List)
- ec2:DescribeCapacityBlockExtensionOfferings (List)
- ec2:DescribeCapacityBlockOfferings (List)
- ec2:DescribeCapacityBlockStatus (List)
- ec2:DescribeCapacityBlocks (List)
- ec2:DescribeCapacityManagerDataExports (List)
- ec2:DescribeCapacityReservationBillingRequests (List)
- ec2:DescribeCapacityReservationCancellationQuotes (List)
- ec2:DescribeCapacityReservationDateChangeQuotes (List)
- ec2:DescribeCapacityReservationFleets (List)
- ec2:DescribeCapacityReservationTopology (List)
- ec2:DescribeCapacityReservations (List)
- ec2:DescribeCarrierGateways (List)
- ec2:DescribeClassicLinkInstances (List)
- ec2:DescribeClientVpnAuthorizationRules (List)
- ec2:DescribeClientVpnConnections (List)
- ec2:DescribeClientVpnEndpoints (List)
- ec2:DescribeClientVpnRoutes (List)
- ec2:DescribeClientVpnTargetNetworks (List)
- ec2:DescribeCoipPools (List)
- ec2:DescribeConversionTasks (List)
- ec2:DescribeCustomerGateways (List)
- ec2:DescribeDeclarativePoliciesReports (List)
- ec2:DescribeDhcpOptions (List)
- ec2:DescribeEgressOnlyInternetGateways (List)
- ec2:DescribeElasticGpus (List)
- ec2:DescribeExportImageTasks (List)
- ec2:DescribeExportTasks (List)
- ec2:DescribeFastLaunchImages (List)
- ec2:DescribeFastSnapshotRestores (List)
- ec2:DescribeFleetHistory (List)
- ec2:DescribeFleetInstances (List)
- ec2:DescribeFleets (List)
- ec2:DescribeFlowLogs (List)
- ec2:DescribeFpgaImageAttribute (List)
- ec2:DescribeFpgaImages (List)
- ec2:DescribeHostReservationOfferings (List)
- ec2:DescribeHostReservations (List)
- ec2:DescribeHosts (List)
- ec2:DescribeIamInstanceProfileAssociations (List)
- ec2:DescribeIdFormat (List)
- ec2:DescribeIdentityIdFormat (List)
- ec2:DescribeImageAttribute (List)
- ec2:DescribeImageReferences (List)
- ec2:DescribeImageUsageReportEntries (List)
- ec2:DescribeImageUsageReports (List)
- ec2:DescribeImages (List)
- ec2:DescribeImportImageTasks (List)
- ec2:DescribeImportSnapshotTasks (List)
- ec2:DescribeInstanceAttribute (List)
- ec2:DescribeInstanceConnectEndpoints (List)
- ec2:DescribeInstanceCreditSpecifications (List)
- ec2:DescribeInstanceEventNotificationAttributes (List)
- ec2:DescribeInstanceEventWindows (List)
- ec2:DescribeInstanceImageMetadata (List)
- ec2:DescribeInstanceSqlHaHistoryStates (List)
- ec2:DescribeInstanceSqlHaStates (List)
- ec2:DescribeInstanceStatus (List)
- ec2:DescribeInstanceTopology (List)
- ec2:DescribeInstanceTypeOfferings (List)
- ec2:DescribeInstanceTypes (List)
- ec2:DescribeInstances (List)
- ec2:DescribeInternetGateways (List)
- ec2:DescribeIpamByoasn (List)
- ec2:DescribeIpamExternalResourceVerificationTokens (List)
- ec2:DescribeIpamInternetRegistryAssociations (List)
- ec2:DescribeIpamPolicies (List)
- ec2:DescribeIpamPoolAllocations (List)
- ec2:DescribeIpamPools (List)
- ec2:DescribeIpamPrefixListResolverTargets (List)
- ec2:DescribeIpamPrefixListResolvers (List)
- ec2:DescribeIpamResourceDiscoveries (List)
- ec2:DescribeIpamResourceDiscoveryAssociations (List)
- ec2:DescribeIpamScopes (List)
- ec2:DescribeIpams (List)
- ec2:DescribeIpv6Pools (List)
- ec2:DescribeKeyPairs (List)
- ec2:DescribeLaunchTemplateVersions (List)
- ec2:DescribeLaunchTemplates (List)
- ec2:DescribeLocalGatewayRouteTablePermissions (List)
- ec2:DescribeLocalGatewayRouteTableVirtualInterfaceGroupAssociations (List)
- ec2:DescribeLocalGatewayRouteTableVpcAssociations (List)
- ec2:DescribeLocalGatewayRouteTables (List)
- ec2:DescribeLocalGatewayVirtualInterfaceGroups (List)
- ec2:DescribeLocalGatewayVirtualInterfaces (List)
- ec2:DescribeLocalGateways (List)
- ec2:DescribeLockedSnapshots (List)
- ec2:DescribeMacHosts (List)
- ec2:DescribeMacModificationTasks (List)
- ec2:DescribeManagedPrefixLists (List)
- ec2:DescribeMovingAddresses (List)
- ec2:DescribeNatGateways (List)
- ec2:DescribeNetworkAcls (List)
- ec2:DescribeNetworkInsightsAccessScopeAnalyses (List)
- ec2:DescribeNetworkInsightsAccessScopes (List)
- ec2:DescribeNetworkInsightsAnalyses (List)
- ec2:DescribeNetworkInsightsPaths (List)
- ec2:DescribeNetworkInterfaceAttribute (List)
- ec2:DescribeNetworkInterfacePermissions (List)
- ec2:DescribeNetworkInterfaces (List)
- ec2:DescribeOutpostLags (List)
- ec2:DescribePlacementGroups (List)
- ec2:DescribePrefixLists (List)
- ec2:DescribePrincipalIdFormat (List)
- ec2:DescribePublicIpv4Pools (List)
- ec2:DescribeRegions (List)
- ec2:DescribeReplaceRootVolumeTasks (List)
- ec2:DescribeReservedInstances (List)
- ec2:DescribeReservedInstancesListings (List)
- ec2:DescribeReservedInstancesModifications (List)
- ec2:DescribeReservedInstancesOfferings (List)
- ec2:DescribeRouteServerEndpoints (List)
- ec2:DescribeRouteServerPeers (List)
- ec2:DescribeRouteServers (List)
- ec2:DescribeRouteTables (List)
- ec2:DescribeScheduledInstanceAvailability (List)
- ec2:DescribeScheduledInstances (List)
- ec2:DescribeSecondaryInterfaces (List)
- ec2:DescribeSecondaryNetworks (List)
- ec2:DescribeSecondarySubnets (List)
- ec2:DescribeSecurityGroupReferences (List)
- ec2:DescribeSecurityGroupRules (List)
- ec2:DescribeSecurityGroupVpcAssociations (List)
- ec2:DescribeSecurityGroups (List)
- ec2:DescribeServiceLinkVirtualInterfaces (List)
- ec2:DescribeSnapshotAttribute (List)
- ec2:DescribeSnapshotTierStatus (List)
- ec2:DescribeSnapshots (List)
- ec2:DescribeSpotDatafeedSubscription (List)
- ec2:DescribeSpotFleetInstances (List)
- ec2:DescribeSpotFleetRequestHistory (List)
- ec2:DescribeSpotFleetRequests (List)
- ec2:DescribeSpotInstanceRequests (List)
- ec2:DescribeSpotPriceHistory (List)
- ec2:DescribeStaleSecurityGroups (List)
- ec2:DescribeStoreImageTasks (List)
- ec2:DescribeSubnets (List)
- ec2:DescribeTags (List)
- ec2:DescribeTrafficMirrorFilterRules (List)
- ec2:DescribeTrafficMirrorFilters (List)
- ec2:DescribeTrafficMirrorSessions (List)
- ec2:DescribeTrafficMirrorTargets (List)
- ec2:DescribeTransitGatewayAttachments (List)
- ec2:DescribeTransitGatewayConnectPeers (List)
- ec2:DescribeTransitGatewayConnects (List)
- ec2:DescribeTransitGatewayMeteringPolicies (List)
- ec2:DescribeTransitGatewayMulticastDomains (List)
- ec2:DescribeTransitGatewayPeeringAttachments (List)
- ec2:DescribeTransitGatewayPolicyTables (List)
- ec2:DescribeTransitGatewayRouteTableAnnouncements (List)
- ec2:DescribeTransitGatewayRouteTables (List)
- ec2:DescribeTransitGatewayVpcAttachments (List)
- ec2:DescribeTransitGateways (List)
- ec2:DescribeTrunkInterfaceAssociations (List)
- ec2:DescribeVerifiedAccessEndpoints (List)
- ec2:DescribeVerifiedAccessGroups (List)
- ec2:DescribeVerifiedAccessInstanceLoggingConfigurations (List)
- ec2:DescribeVerifiedAccessInstanceWebAclAssociations (List)
- ec2:DescribeVerifiedAccessInstances (List)
- ec2:DescribeVerifiedAccessTrustProviders (List)
- ec2:DescribeVolumeAttribute (List)
- ec2:DescribeVolumeStatus (List)
- ec2:DescribeVolumes (List)
- ec2:DescribeVolumesModifications (List)
- ec2:DescribeVpcAttribute (List)
- ec2:DescribeVpcBlockPublicAccessExclusions (List)
- ec2:DescribeVpcBlockPublicAccessOptions (List)
- ec2:DescribeVpcClassicLink (List)
- ec2:DescribeVpcClassicLinkDnsSupport (List)
- ec2:DescribeVpcEncryptionControls (List)
- ec2:DescribeVpcEndpointAssociations (List)
- ec2:DescribeVpcEndpointConnectionNotifications (List)
- ec2:DescribeVpcEndpointConnections (List)
- ec2:DescribeVpcEndpointServiceConfigurations (List)
- ec2:DescribeVpcEndpointServicePermissions (List)
- ec2:DescribeVpcEndpointServices (List)
- ec2:DescribeVpcEndpoints (List)
- ec2:DescribeVpcPeeringConnections (List)
- ec2:DescribeVpcs (List)
- ec2:DescribeVpnConcentrators (List)
- ec2:DescribeVpnConnections (List)
- ec2:DescribeVpnGateways (List)
- ec2:GetActiveVpnTunnelStatus (Read)
- ec2:GetAllowedImagesSettings (Read)
- ec2:GetAssociatedEnclaveCertificateIamRoles (Read)
- ec2:GetAssociatedIpv6PoolCidrs (Read)
- ec2:GetAwsNetworkPerformanceData (Read)
- ec2:GetCapacityManagerAttributes (Read)
- ec2:GetCapacityManagerMetricData (Read)
- ec2:GetCapacityManagerMetricDimensions (Read)
- ec2:GetCapacityManagerMonitoredTagKeys (List)
- ec2:GetCapacityReservationUsage (Read)
- ec2:GetClientVpnEndpointAuthorizationPolicy (Read)
- ec2:GetCoipPoolUsage (Read)
- ec2:GetConsoleOutput (Read)
- ec2:GetConsoleScreenshot (Read)
- ec2:GetDeclarativePoliciesReportSummary (Read)
- ec2:GetDefaultCreditSpecification (Read)
- ec2:GetEbsDefaultKmsKeyId (Read)
- ec2:GetEbsEncryptionByDefault (Read)
- ec2:GetEnabledIpamPolicy (Read)
- ec2:GetFlowLogsIntegrationTemplate (Read)
- ec2:GetGroupsForCapacityReservation (List)
- ec2:GetHostReservationPurchasePreview (Read)
- ec2:GetImageAncestry (Read)
- ec2:GetImageBlockPublicAccessState (Read)
- ec2:GetImageFindings (Read)
- ec2:GetInstanceMetadataDefaults (List)
- ec2:GetInstanceTpmEkPub (Read)
- ec2:GetInstanceTypesFromInstanceRequirements (List)
- ec2:GetInstanceUefiData (Read)
- ec2:GetIpamAddressHistory (Read)
- ec2:GetIpamDiscoveredAccounts (Read)
- ec2:GetIpamDiscoveredPublicAddresses (Read)
- ec2:GetIpamDiscoveredResourceCidrs (Read)
- ec2:GetIpamDiscoveredRoutes (Read)
- ec2:GetIpamInternetRegistryAssociationAsns (Read)
- ec2:GetIpamInternetRegistryAssociationCidrs (Read)
- ec2:GetIpamPolicyAllocationRules (List)
- ec2:GetIpamPolicyOrganizationTargets (List)
- ec2:GetIpamPoolAllocations (List)
- ec2:GetIpamPoolCidrs (Read)
- ec2:GetIpamPrefixListResolverRules (Read)
- ec2:GetIpamPrefixListResolverVersionEntries (Read)
- ec2:GetIpamPrefixListResolverVersions (Read)
- ec2:GetIpamResourceCidrs (Read)
- ec2:GetIpamRouteOriginAuthorizations (Read)
- ec2:GetIpamRouteProtectionFindings (Read)
- ec2:GetIpamRoutingPolicyRegistrationDeltas (Read)
- ec2:GetIpamRoutingPolicyRegistrations (Read)
- ec2:GetLaunchTemplateData (Read)
- ec2:GetManagedPrefixListAssociations (Read)
- ec2:GetManagedPrefixListEntries (Read)
- ec2:GetManagedResourceVisibility (List)
- ec2:GetNetworkInsightsAccessScopeAnalysisFindings (Read)
- ec2:GetNetworkInsightsAccessScopeContent (Read)
- ec2:GetPasswordData (Read)
- ec2:GetReservedInstancesExchangeQuote (Read)
- ec2:GetResourcePolicy (Read)
- ec2:GetRouteServerAssociations (Read)
- ec2:GetRouteServerPropagations (Read)
- ec2:GetRouteServerRoutingDatabase (Read)
- ec2:GetSecurityGroupsForVpc (Read)
- ec2:GetSerialConsoleAccessStatus (Read)
- ec2:GetSnapshotBlockPublicAccessState (Read)
- ec2:GetSpotPlacementScores (Read)
- ec2:GetSubnetCidrReservations (Read)
- ec2:GetTransitGatewayAttachmentNatConfiguration (Read)
- ec2:GetTransitGatewayAttachmentPropagations (List)
- ec2:GetTransitGatewayMeteringPolicyEntries (List)
- ec2:GetTransitGatewayMulticastDomainAssociations (List)
- ec2:GetTransitGatewayPolicyTableAssociations (List)
- ec2:GetTransitGatewayPolicyTableEntries (List)
- ec2:GetTransitGatewayPrefixListReferences (List)
- ec2:GetTransitGatewayRouteTableAssociations (List)
- ec2:GetTransitGatewayRouteTablePropagations (List)
- ec2:GetVerifiedAccessEndpointPolicy (List)
- ec2:GetVerifiedAccessEndpointTargets (List)
- ec2:GetVerifiedAccessGroupPolicy (List)
- ec2:GetVerifiedAccessInstanceWebAcl (List)
- ec2:GetVpcResourcesBlockingEncryptionEnforcement (List)
- ec2:GetVpnConnectionDeviceSampleConfiguration (List)
- ec2:GetVpnConnectionDeviceTypes (List)
- ec2:GetVpnTunnelReplacementStatus (List)
- ec2:ListImagesInRecycleBin (List)
- ec2:ListSnapshotsInRecycleBin (List)
- ec2:ListVolumesInRecycleBin (List)
- ec2:RevokeSecurityGroupEgress (Write)
Glue: 4 actions
- glue:CreateDatabase (Write)
- glue:DeleteDatabase (Write)
- glue:GetDatabase (Read)
- glue:GetDatabases (Read)
IAM: 14 actions
- iam:AttachRolePolicy (Permissions management)
- iam:CreatePolicy (Permissions management)
- iam:CreateRole (Write)
- iam:DeletePolicy (Permissions management)
- iam:DeleteRole (Write)
- iam:DeleteRolePolicy (Permissions management)
- iam:DetachRolePolicy (Permissions management)
- iam:GetPolicy (Read)
- iam:GetRole (Read)
- iam:GetRolePolicy (Read)
- iam:ListPolicyVersions (List)
- iam:PassRole (Write)
- iam:PutRolePolicy (Permissions management)
- iam:TagRole (Tagging)
KMS: 10 actions
- kms:CreateKey (Write)
- kms:Decrypt (Write)
- kms:DescribeKey (Read)
- kms:DisableKeyRotation (Write)
- kms:EnableKeyRotation (Write)
- kms:Encrypt (Write)
- kms:GenerateDataKey (Write)
- kms:PutKeyPolicy (Permissions management)
- kms:ScheduleKeyDeletion (Write)
- kms:TagResource (Tagging)
Lake Formation: 7 actions
- lakeformation:DeregisterResource (Write)
- lakeformation:GetDataLakeSettings (Read)
- lakeformation:GrantPermissions (Permissions management)
- lakeformation:ListPermissions (List)
- lakeformation:PutDataLakeSettings (Permissions management)
- lakeformation:RegisterResource (Write)
- lakeformation:RevokePermissions (Permissions management)
CloudWatch Logs: 6 actions
- logs:CreateLogGroup (Write)
- logs:DeleteLogGroup (Write)
- logs:DeleteRetentionPolicy (Write)
- logs:DescribeLogGroups (List)
- logs:PutRetentionPolicy (Write)
- logs:TagLogGroup (Tagging)
S3: 37 actions
- s3:CreateBucket (Write)
- s3:DeleteBucket (Write)
- s3:DeleteBucketPolicy (Permissions management)
- s3:GetBucketAbac (Read)
- s3:GetBucketAcl (Read)
- s3:GetBucketCORS (Read)
- s3:GetBucketLocation (Read)
- s3:GetBucketLogging (Read)
- s3:GetBucketMetadataTableConfiguration (Read)
- s3:GetBucketNotification (Read)
- s3:GetBucketObjectLockConfiguration (Read)
- s3:GetBucketOwnershipControls (Read)
- s3:GetBucketPolicy (Read)
- s3:GetBucketPolicyStatus (Read)
- s3:GetBucketPublicAccessBlock (Read)
- s3:GetBucketRequestPayment (Read)
- s3:GetBucketTagging (Read)
- s3:GetBucketVersioning (Read)
- s3:GetBucketWebsite (Read)
- s3:GetEncryptionConfiguration (Read)
- s3:GetObjectAnnotation (Read)
- s3:GetObjectAttributes (Read)
- s3:GetObjectTorrent (Read)
- s3:GetObjectVersionAnnotation (Read)
- s3:GetObjectVersionAnnotationForReplication (Read)
- s3:GetObjectVersionAttributes (Read)
- s3:GetObjectVersionForReplication (Read)
- s3:GetObjectVersionTorrent (Read)
- s3:PutBucketAcl (Permissions management)
- s3:PutBucketLogging (Write)
- s3:PutBucketPolicy (Permissions management)
- s3:PutBucketPublicAccessBlock (Permissions management)
- s3:PutBucketTagging (Tagging)
- s3:PutBucketVersioning (Write)
- s3:PutEncryptionConfiguration (Write)
- s3:PutObjectAnnotation (Write)
- s3:PutObjectVersionAnnotation (Write)
Systems Manager: 5 actions
- ssm:AddTagsToResource (Tagging)
- ssm:DeleteParameter (Write)
- ssm:GetParameter (Read)
- ssm:GetParameters (Read)
- ssm:PutParameter (Write)
Data-plane actions (17)
By access level: 1 List, 2 Permissions management, 8 Read, 2 Tagging, 4 Write.
| Service | Granted | Access levels and limits | Granted by |
|---|---|---|---|
| S3 | 17 of 25 | 1 List, 2 Permissions management, 8 Read, 2 Tagging, 4 Write; 17 restricted, 17 conditional | s3:Abort*, s3:GetObject*, s3:List*, s3:PutObject* |
S3: 17 actions
- s3:AbortMultipartUpload (Write)
- s3:GetObject (Read)
- s3:GetObjectAcl (Read)
- s3:GetObjectLegalHold (Read)
- s3:GetObjectRetention (Read)
- s3:GetObjectTagging (Read)
- s3:GetObjectVersion (Read)
- s3:GetObjectVersionAcl (Read)
- s3:GetObjectVersionTagging (Read)
- s3:ListBucket (List)
- s3:PutObject (Write)
- s3:PutObjectAcl (Permissions management)
- s3:PutObjectLegalHold (Write)
- s3:PutObjectRetention (Write)
- s3:PutObjectTagging (Tagging)
- s3:PutObjectVersionAcl (Permissions management)
- s3:PutObjectVersionTagging (Tagging)
Excluded and conditional actions
s3:Abort*(deny-conditional, statement 15): 1 matching actionss3:DeleteBucket(deny-conditional, statement 15): 1 matching actionss3:DeleteObject*(deny-conditional, statement 15): 6 matching actionss3:GetBucket*(deny-conditional, statement 15): 16 matching actionss3:GetEncryptionConfiguration(deny-conditional, statement 15): 1 matching actionss3:GetObject*(deny-conditional, statement 15): 16 matching actionss3:List*(deny-conditional, statement 15): 18 matching actionss3:PutObject*(deny-conditional, statement 15): 9 matching actionskms:*(deny-conditional, statement 16): 58 matching actionsathena:*(deny-not-action, statement 17): 86 matching actionscloudformation:CreateChangeSet(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionscloudformation:CreateStack(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionscloudformation:DeleteChangeSet(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionscloudformation:DeleteStack(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionscloudformation:DescribeChangeSet(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionscloudformation:DescribeStackEvents(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionscloudformation:DescribeStacks(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionscloudformation:ExecuteChangeSet(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionscloudformation:GetTemplate(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionscloudformation:GetTemplateSummary(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionscloudformation:TagResource(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionscloudformation:UpdateStack(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsec2:*(deny-not-action, statement 17): 834 matching actionsglue:CreateDatabase(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsglue:DeleteDatabase(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsglue:GetDatabase(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsglue:GetDatabases(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsiam:AttachRolePolicy(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsiam:CreatePolicy(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsiam:CreateRole(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsiam:DeletePolicy(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsiam:DeleteRole(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsiam:DeleteRolePolicy(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsiam:DetachRolePolicy(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsiam:GetPolicy(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsiam:GetRole(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsiam:GetRolePolicy(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsiam:ListPolicyVersions(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsiam:PassRole(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsiam:PutRolePolicy(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsiam:TagRole(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsiam:UntagRole(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionskms:*(deny-not-action, statement 17): 58 matching actionslakeformation:DeregisterResource(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionslakeformation:GetDataLakeSettings(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionslakeformation:GrantPermissions(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionslakeformation:ListPermissions(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionslakeformation:PutDataLakeSettings(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionslakeformation:RegisterResource(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionslakeformation:RevokePermissions(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionslambda:*(deny-not-action, statement 17): 135 matching actionslogs:*(deny-not-action, statement 17): 133 matching actionss3:Abort*(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionss3:CreateBucket(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionss3:DeleteBucket(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionss3:DeleteBucketPolicy(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionss3:GetBucket*(deny-not-action, statement 17): 16 matching actionss3:GetEncryptionConfiguration(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionss3:GetObject*(deny-not-action, statement 17): 16 matching actionss3:ListBucket(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionss3:PutBucketAcl(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionss3:PutBucketLogging(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionss3:PutBucketPolicy(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionss3:PutBucketPublicAccessBlock(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionss3:PutBucketTagging(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionss3:PutBucketVersioning(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionss3:PutEncryptionConfiguration(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionss3:PutObject*(deny-not-action, statement 17): 9 matching actionsservicecatalog:CreateApplication(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsservicecatalog:DeleteApplication(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsservicecatalog:GetApplication(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsssm:AddTagsToResource(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsssm:DeleteParameter(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsssm:GetParameter(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsssm:GetParameters(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actionsssm:PutParameter(deny-not-action, statement 17): 1 matching actions
Resource scope and attachment
Resource scope across granted actions: mixed.
Can be attached: Yes, to users, groups and roles.
Why this tier
- Grants 72 write, tagging or permissions-management actions, short of full control of any service.
- Grants permissions-management actions on iam on all resources without conditions.
- Grants data-plane write actions on a data store, but only for scoped resources or under conditions.
- Grants iam:PassRole, but only for scoped roles or under conditions (for example iam:PassedToService).
Guidance
Practical scope
The policy allows iam:CreateRole, iam:AttachRolePolicy, iam:PutRolePolicy, iam:DetachRolePolicy and iam:DeleteRolePolicy on roles whose names contain "datazone", only when iam:PermissionsBoundary is arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AmazonDataZoneProjectRolePermissionsBoundary. It also allows iam:DeleteRole and iam:PassRole on those roles. Other statements allow S3 actions on buckets whose names contain "datazone" in the calling account, SSM parameter actions, and KMS, Athena, EC2 security group, CloudWatch Logs, Lake Formation and AWS Glue actions, several limited by datazone tags. kms:PutKeyPolicy is allowed only when called via cloudformation.amazonaws.com. Some statements apply to Resource "*".
Use cases
- Review the boundary that Amazon DataZone applies to the roles it creates for deploying data analytics projects.
Best practices
- AWS managed policies don't grant least privilege permissions. The IAM User Guide suggests using IAM Access Analyzer to see which permissions principals actually use, then writing a custom policy or generating one with only the required permissions.
Security considerations
- The policy is not read-only. For roles whose names contain "datazone" it allows creating and deleting roles and changing their attached and inline policies (iam:CreateRole, iam:DeleteRole, iam:AttachRolePolicy, iam:PutRolePolicy), and it allows iam:PassRole.
- Several statements apply to Resource "*" with no datazone tag condition, including iam:CreatePolicy, lakeformation:GrantPermissions, lakeformation:PutDataLakeSettings, ec2:CreateSecurityGroup, ec2:DeleteSecurityGroup and logs:DeleteLogGroup.
- A permissions boundary limits the maximum permissions of a user or role and does not provide permissions on its own. The IAM User Guide says an entity can perform only the actions allowed by both its identity-based policies and its permissions boundary.
- You cannot change the permissions in an AWS managed policy. If AWS updates the policy, the update affects every user, group and role it is attached to.
Assignment guidance
The description says DataZone uses this policy when it creates the roles for deploying data analytics projects, to define the boundary of their permissions. The reference page also says you can attach it to your users, groups and roles. The IAM User Guide says you can use an AWS managed policy to set the boundary for a user or role. Because a boundary does not provide permissions on its own, it gives no access without an identity-based policy.
Related policies
Same service
- AccessAnalyzerServiceRolePolicy
- AdministratorAccess-AWSElasticBeanstalk
- AIDevOpsReleaseManagementVPCPolicy
- AmazonAppFlowFullAccess
- AmazonAppStreamServiceAccess
- AmazonAthenaFullAccess
- AmazonBedrockStudioPermissionsBoundary
- AmazonBioDiscoveryServiceLinkedRolePolicy
Same domain
Frequently asked questions
- When should I attach AmazonDataZoneProjectDeploymentPermissionsBoundary?
- The description says DataZone uses it when creating the roles it uses for deploying data analytics projects, to define the boundary of their permissions. The reference page says you can attach it to your users, groups and roles. As a boundary it limits permissions and does not provide them, so it does not replace a permissions policy.
- What does AmazonDataZoneProjectDeploymentPermissionsBoundary grant?
- It allows IAM role management on roles whose names contain "datazone" (creating roles and attaching policies only with the DataZone project role boundary set), plus S3, SSM, KMS, Athena, EC2 security group, CloudWatch Logs, Lake Formation and AWS Glue actions, several limited by name patterns or datazone tags. Used as a permissions boundary it sets a maximum and does not provide permissions on its own.
- What are the security risks of AmazonDataZoneProjectDeploymentPermissionsBoundary?
- It includes write actions, including IAM role creation and deletion, iam:PassRole, lakeformation:GrantPermissions and ec2:DeleteSecurityGroup, and several of them apply to Resource "*". AWS managed policies don't grant least privilege permissions, and you must consider the security risk of granting principals more permissions than they need. AWS updates to the policy affect every identity it is attached to.
Policy JSON
{
"Version": "2012-10-17",
"Statement": [
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"iam:CreateRole",
"iam:DetachRolePolicy",
"iam:DeleteRolePolicy",
"iam:AttachRolePolicy",
"iam:PutRolePolicy"
],
"Resource": "arn:aws:iam::*:role/*datazone*",
"Condition": {
"StringEquals": {
"iam:PermissionsBoundary": "arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AmazonDataZoneProjectRolePermissionsBoundary"
}
}
},
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"iam:DeleteRole"
],
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:iam::*:role/*datazone*"
]
},
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"kms:CreateKey",
"kms:TagResource",
"athena:CreateWorkGroup",
"athena:TagResource",
"iam:TagRole",
"iam:TagPolicy",
"logs:CreateLogGroup",
"logs:TagLogGroup",
"ssm:AddTagsToResource"
],
"Resource": "*",
"Condition": {
"ForAnyValue:StringLike": {
"aws:TagKeys": "datazone:*"
},
"StringLike": {
"aws:ResourceTag/datazone:projectId": "proj-*"
}
}
},
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"athena:DeleteWorkGroup",
"kms:ScheduleKeyDeletion",
"kms:DescribeKey",
"kms:EnableKeyRotation",
"kms:DisableKeyRotation",
"kms:GenerateDataKey",
"kms:Encrypt",
"kms:Decrypt",
"ec2:AuthorizeSecurityGroupEgress",
"ec2:AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress"
],
"Resource": "*",
"Condition": {
"StringLike": {
"aws:ResourceTag/datazone:projectId": "proj-*"
}
}
},
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"ec2:CreateTags"
],
"Resource": "*",
"Condition": {
"ForAnyValue:StringLike": {
"aws:TagKeys": "datazone:projectId"
}
}
},
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"iam:DeletePolicy",
"s3:DeleteBucket"
],
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:iam::*:policy/datazone*",
"arn:aws:s3:::datazone*"
]
},
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"ssm:GetParameter*",
"ssm:PutParameter",
"ssm:DeleteParameter"
],
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:ssm:*:*:parameter/*datazone*"
]
},
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"iam:GetRole",
"iam:GetPolicy",
"iam:GetRolePolicy",
"iam:CreatePolicy",
"iam:ListPolicyVersions",
"lakeformation:RegisterResource",
"lakeformation:DeregisterResource",
"lakeformation:GrantPermissions",
"lakeformation:PutDataLakeSettings",
"lakeformation:GetDataLakeSettings",
"lakeformation:RevokePermissions",
"lakeformation:ListPermissions",
"glue:CreateDatabase",
"glue:DeleteDatabase",
"glue:GetDatabases",
"glue:GetDatabase",
"sts:GetCallerIdentity"
],
"Resource": "*"
},
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"iam:PassRole"
],
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:iam::*:role/*datazone*"
]
},
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"s3:PutEncryptionConfiguration",
"s3:PutBucketPublicAccessBlock",
"s3:DeleteBucketPolicy",
"s3:CreateBucket",
"s3:PutBucketPolicy",
"s3:PutBucketAcl",
"s3:PutBucketVersioning",
"s3:PutBucketTagging",
"s3:PutBucketLogging",
"s3:GetObject*",
"s3:GetBucket*",
"s3:List*",
"s3:GetEncryptionConfiguration",
"s3:DeleteObject*",
"s3:PutObject*",
"s3:Abort*"
],
"Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::*datazone*",
"Condition": {
"StringEquals": {
"aws:ResourceAccount": "${aws:PrincipalAccount}"
}
}
},
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"athena:Get*",
"athena:List*",
"ec2:CreateSecurityGroup",
"ec2:RevokeSecurityGroupEgress",
"ec2:DeleteSecurityGroup",
"ec2:Describe*",
"ec2:Get*",
"ec2:List*",
"logs:PutRetentionPolicy",
"logs:DescribeLogGroups",
"logs:DeleteLogGroup",
"logs:DeleteRetentionPolicy"
],
"Resource": "*"
},
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"kms:PutKeyPolicy"
],
"Resource": "*",
"Condition": {
"ForAnyValue:StringEquals": {
"aws:CalledVia": [
"cloudformation.amazonaws.com"
]
}
}
},
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": "ec2:CreateVpcEndpoint",
"NotResource": "arn:aws:ec2:*:*:vpc-endpoint/*"
},
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"ec2:CreateVpcEndpoint"
],
"Resource": "arn:aws:ec2:*:*:vpc-endpoint/*",
"Condition": {
"StringLike": {
"ec2:VpceServiceName": [
"com.amazonaws.*.logs",
"com.amazonaws.*.s3",
"com.amazonaws.*.glue",
"com.amazonaws.*.athena"
]
}
}
},
{
"Action": [
"cloudformation:DescribeStacks",
"cloudformation:DescribeStackEvents",
"cloudformation:GetTemplate",
"cloudformation:DescribeChangeSet",
"cloudformation:CreateChangeSet",
"cloudformation:ExecuteChangeSet",
"cloudformation:DeleteChangeSet",
"cloudformation:CreateStack",
"cloudformation:UpdateStack",
"cloudformation:DeleteStack",
"cloudformation:TagResource",
"cloudformation:GetTemplateSummary"
],
"Effect": "Allow",
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:cloudformation:*:*:stack/DataZone*"
]
},
{
"Effect": "Deny",
"Action": [
"s3:GetObject*",
"s3:GetBucket*",
"s3:List*",
"s3:GetEncryptionConfiguration",
"s3:DeleteObject*",
"s3:PutObject*",
"s3:Abort*",
"s3:DeleteBucket"
],
"NotResource": [
"arn:aws:s3:::*datazone*"
]
},
{
"Effect": "Deny",
"Action": [
"kms:*"
],
"Resource": "*",
"Condition": {
"StringNotEquals": {
"aws:ResourceAccount": "${aws:PrincipalAccount}"
}
}
},
{
"Effect": "Deny",
"NotAction": [
"ssm:PutParameter",
"ssm:DeleteParameter",
"ssm:AddTagsToResource",
"ssm:GetParameters",
"ssm:GetParameter",
"s3:PutEncryptionConfiguration",
"s3:PutBucketPublicAccessBlock",
"s3:DeleteBucketPolicy",
"s3:CreateBucket",
"s3:PutBucketAcl",
"s3:PutBucketPolicy",
"s3:PutBucketVersioning",
"s3:PutBucketTagging",
"s3:ListBucket",
"s3:PutBucketLogging",
"s3:DeleteBucket",
"iam:GetRole",
"iam:GetRolePolicy",
"iam:GetPolicy",
"iam:CreatePolicy",
"iam:ListPolicyVersions",
"iam:DeletePolicy",
"cloudformation:DescribeStacks",
"cloudformation:DescribeStackEvents",
"cloudformation:GetTemplate",
"cloudformation:DescribeChangeSet",
"cloudformation:CreateChangeSet",
"cloudformation:ExecuteChangeSet",
"cloudformation:DeleteChangeSet",
"cloudformation:TagResource",
"cloudformation:CreateStack",
"cloudformation:UpdateStack",
"cloudformation:DeleteStack",
"cloudformation:GetTemplateSummary",
"athena:*",
"kms:*",
"glue:CreateDatabase",
"glue:DeleteDatabase",
"glue:GetDatabases",
"glue:GetDatabase",
"lambda:*",
"ec2:*",
"logs:*",
"servicecatalog:CreateApplication",
"servicecatalog:DeleteApplication",
"servicecatalog:GetApplication",
"lakeformation:RegisterResource",
"lakeformation:DeregisterResource",
"lakeformation:GrantPermissions",
"lakeformation:PutDataLakeSettings",
"lakeformation:RevokePermissions",
"lakeformation:GetDataLakeSettings",
"lakeformation:ListPermissions",
"iam:CreateRole",
"iam:DeleteRole",
"iam:DetachRolePolicy",
"iam:DeleteRolePolicy",
"iam:AttachRolePolicy",
"iam:PutRolePolicy",
"iam:UntagRole",
"iam:PassRole",
"iam:TagRole",
"s3:GetBucket*",
"s3:GetObject*",
"s3:Abort*",
"s3:GetEncryptionConfiguration",
"s3:PutObject*"
],
"Resource": [
"*"
]
}
]
}
Version history
Current version v2, edited by AWS on 2023-04-04. Version history is recorded from 2026-11-11. Earlier versions are in the IAM console under Policy versions.
Attach snippets
AWS CLI
aws iam attach-role-policy --role-name ROLE_NAME --policy-arn arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AmazonDataZoneProjectDeploymentPermissionsBoundary
aws iam attach-user-policy --user-name USER_NAME --policy-arn arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AmazonDataZoneProjectDeploymentPermissionsBoundary
aws iam attach-group-policy --group-name GROUP_NAME --policy-arn arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AmazonDataZoneProjectDeploymentPermissionsBoundaryCloudFormation
Resources:
ExampleRole:
Type: AWS::IAM::Role
Properties:
AssumeRolePolicyDocument: {} # replace with your trust policy
ManagedPolicyArns:
- arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AmazonDataZoneProjectDeploymentPermissionsBoundaryTerraform
resource "aws_iam_role_policy_attachment" "amazondatazoneprojectdeploymentpermissionsboundary" {
role = aws_iam_role.example.name
policy_arn = "arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AmazonDataZoneProjectDeploymentPermissionsBoundary"
}CDK (TypeScript)
role.addManagedPolicy(
iam.ManagedPolicy.fromAwsManagedPolicyName("AmazonDataZoneProjectDeploymentPermissionsBoundary"),
);Sources
- AmazonDataZoneProjectDeploymentPermissionsBoundary (AWS Managed Policy Reference Guide) (retrieved ; supports summary, practicalScope, securityConsiderations, assignmentGuidance, faqs, useCases)
- Permissions boundaries for IAM entities (IAM User Guide) (retrieved ; supports securityConsiderations, assignmentGuidance, faqs)
- Managed policies and inline policies (IAM User Guide) (retrieved ; supports securityConsiderations, faqs)
- AWS managed policies for job functions (IAM User Guide) (retrieved ; supports bestPractices, faqs)